How To Change Ip Address In Raspbian Via Bash

If you followed our commodity on how to SSH to your Raspberry Pi and then that yous tin can command it over a network, you might be tired of having to run the commands to discover out what its electric current IP address is on your network.

Well-nigh networks assign IP addressesdynamically, which ways each device on the network is assigned an IP address from a puddle of available IP addresses. The address for a specific device may change over time if it is rebooted or the address is automatically reassigned for some reason. This is called DHCP –Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol.

Giving your Raspberry Pi astatic IP address on your network means that information technology volition always have the aforementioned address for you to connect to.

This article assumes you are running Raspberry Pi Os.

Pace 1 – SSH to Your Raspberry Pi (or Attach a Screen & Keyboard)

If y'all don't have a screen and keyboard attached to your Raspberry Pi, you lot will need to SSH to get things gear up.

It's highly recommended that you set a static IP address using a screen and keyboard simply in case you brand a error – you may not be able to reconnect if the network configuration isn't valid.

Step 2 – Find Out Which Interface is Connected

Theip command tin can tell u.s.a. all we demand to know most the current state of the network on your Raspberry Pi.

Run the following in your terminal to see what interfaces are connected:

ip addr show

Which will output something that looks like this:

ip addr show

Here you can see the connected networkinterfaces. Each entry in the above output represents an interface – each entry taking the format

number: name: details

The interface namedlo is theLOOPBACK interface, used for the figurer to communicate with itself. It'll always exist there on most systems.

Below is the but other connected network interface wlan0, the wireless network connectedness on this Raspberry Pi. We can tell it is connected as it saysUpward in the block of data next to it!

If the wired ethernet connection were connected rather than the wireless, yous'd run into eth0 instead ofwlan0. It'south possible but unlikely on a default installation of Raspberry Pi OS that your network interfaces volition accept different names than those shown here.

Step 3 – Finding your Network and Gateway

You will probably want to assign your Raspberry Pi an IP address on the network information technology'south already connected to. To exercise so, nosotros will demand to know what network addresses nosotros should use to talk to other devices already there.

Finding the Network

This current IP address assigned to your Raspberry Pi is visible in the previous footstep's output.

inet 192.168.ane.75/24

The IP address followinginet will tell you lot the current IP. Yours volition be different but will be for a local IP address range.

To find out more near IP addresses, check out our article on IP Addresses and Subnets.

Finding the Gateway

For your Raspberry Pi to talk to the outside earth, it will too demand to know the address of your gateway – your internet modem/router. Run the following to practise then:

ip r bear witness

This will output the current network routes configured on your arrangement:

ip r show

We are interested in the default road on the first line. This tells the states that by default, traffic is routedvia192.167.1.254 – now we know the gateway'due south address.

Finding Your DNS Servers

Yous volition also demand to know what DNS servers you are currently using (if whatever) if you wish to admission the internet. These can be constitute by running:

true cat /etc/resolv.conf

Which will output the contents of theresolv.conf file every bit generated by your system.

cat /etc/resolv.conf

Hither y'all tin meet the default nameserver assigned is your router –192.168.1.254.

Pace iv – Finding an Available IP Address

This step is dependent on the brand and configuration of the router yous have.

WhenDHCP assigns an IP accost automatically, your router will cull ane from a range of IP addresses defined in its configuration. We should not assign the Raspberry Pi a static address that falls into that range, as otherwise, information technology may disharmonize if some other device receives that address automatically.

You'll accept to bank check your router configuration or user manual to detect out what this range is so that you can make sure you lot avert using an address from it.

Stride 5 – Assigning the IP Address to the Continued Interface

My network has a DHCP range of 192.168.100 to 192.168.200, from which addresses will be automatically assigned, and then I will assign my Raspberry Pi the address:

192.168.1.201

This is to make sure that it doesn't conflict with an existing IP (or the router'due south IP address, which is 192.168.1.254).

Assigning a Static IP Address Temporarily

To assign a static IP accost until the next reboot, just run:

sudo ip address add 192.168.1.201/24 dev wlan0

Replacing192.168.1.201 with the IP address you lot wish to assign andwlan0 with the interface's name to assign information technology to.

To find out more near IP addresses and the format they are displayed above, check out our article on IP Addresses and Subnets.

Assigning a Static IP Accost Permanently

The network configuration will need to be edited to assign an address permanently. Edit the relevant configuration file by running:

sudo nano /etc/dhcpcd.conf

The configuration file(s) which you will need to edit will differ depending on your Linux distribution – this method is tested on Raspberry Pi Os in its default state

Add together the following lines to the finish of the file:

# Static IP Address interface wlan0 static ip_address=192.168.1.201/24 static routers=192.168.1.254 static domain_name_servers=192.168.1.254 viii.8.8.viii

Note that:

Lines get-go with# are comments and are not read as configuration entries
interface is the name of the connected interface and tells the configuration that the configuration lines following it volition be applied to that interface – for this example, it iswlan0
static ip_address is the static IP address y'all wish to assign to this interface –192.168.ane.201 in this case
static routers is the IP address of the gateway/router on your network.192.168.1.254 is the IP address of the router for this example.
static domain_name_servers are the DNS servers we wish to employ for this network. As seen above, mine is192.168.1.254 as my router acts as the DNS server. I've added a 2nd DNS server separated from the get-go by a single infinite.8.8.viii.8 is Google'due south DNS server, which will act as a second/fallback DNS server.